Solute Carrier Proteins and Their Role in Thyroid Hormone Synthesis

Identification and functional characterization of zebrafish solute carrier Slc16a2 (Mct8) as a thyroid hormone membrane transporter.

Most components of the thyroid system in bony fish have been described and characterized, with the notable exception of thyroid hormone membrane transporters. We have cloned, sequenced, and expressed the zebrafish solute carrier Slc16a2 (also named monocarboxylate transporter Mct8) cDNA and established its role as a thyroid hormone transport protein. The cloned cDNA shares 56-57% homology with ...

Thyroid hormone analogues: their role in treatment of hyperlipidemia

Thyroid hormones are central regulators of lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis, which primarily act through Thyroid Hormone Receptors (TRs). Selective Thyroid Hormone Receptor Modulators (STRMs) are chemical analogues of thyroid hormone, designed to preferentially induce beneficial actions of thyroid hormone through specificity for TRβ (isoform specificity) and specific accumulation in live...

Extrathyroidal thyroid hormone synthesis?

A paper published in this issue of the Journal of Endocrinology has revisited the hypothesis that thyroid hormones may be generated by tissues outside the thyroid gland in higher organisms including mammals. This commentary appraises the strengths and weaknesses of the study, the alternative explanations for the findings and possible future measures to investigate further. The concept of extrat...

Thyroid Hormone Synthesis and Secretion

Thyroid Hormone Synthesis in Thyroglobulin

~-14C]Tyrosine-labeled noniodinated hog thyroglobulin was iodinated enzymatically and nonenzymatically (iodine, iodide-chloramine-T, pH 7.4, or iodine monochloride, p.H 8.1). This led to similar levels of iodine incorporatzon as well as of thyroid hormone synthesis. Iodine monochloride at pH 5.5 formed “hormonogenic” iodotyrosine residues, but no hormone residues. The latter were formed when th...